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LeetCode 331, Medium. Topics: String, Stack, Tree, Binary Tree. View on LeetCode. Generate this problem as a practice environment: tested reference solution, 18 parametrized pytest cases, and a playground notebook:

Problem

One way to serialize a binary tree is to use preorder traversal. When we encounter a non-null node, we record the node’s value. If it is a null node, we record using a sentinel value such as #. For example, the above binary tree can be serialized to the string "9,3,4,#,#,1,#,#,2,#,6,#,#", where '#' represents a null node. Given a string of comma-separated values preorder, return true if it is a correct preorder traversal serialization of a binary tree. It is guaranteed that each comma-separated value in the string must be either an integer or a character '#' representing null pointer. You may assume that the input format is always valid.
  • For example, it could never contain two consecutive commas, such as "1,,3".
Note: You are not allowed to reconstruct the tree.

Examples

Example 1

Constraints

  • 1 <= preorder.length <= 10^4
  • preorder consist of integers in the range [0, 100] and ’#’ separated by commas ’,’.
Note: You are not allowed to reconstruct the tree.

Solution

Reference implementation from solution.py on GitHub, full suite in test_solution.py:

Complexity

Tags

Last modified on September 7, 2026